Loom Different Parts & Types

LOOM:

A loom is a device used to weave cloth. The basic purpose of any loom is to hold the warp threads under tension to facilitate the interweaving of the weft threads. The precise shape of the loom and its mechanics may vary, but the basic function is the same.

Different Parts of a Loom

Short Description of Loom is Given Below:

Heald/Heddle: Wire or cords with eyelets that hold warp yarns in a place.

Function:
1. It helps in shed formation.
2. It is useful in identifying broken ends.
3. It determines the order or sequence of the warp threads.
4. It determines the warp thread density in a fabric.

Heald shaft/Harness: A wood or metal frame that holds the head/heddles in position in the loom during weaving. It is usually more than one.

Shuttle: This is a vehicle for weft & passes through the divided warp for the interlacement of the warp & weft.

Shuttle box: Compartment of each end of the sley of a shuttle loom used to retain the shuttle between picking motion.

Picker: It is a piece of leather or other metal placed in grooves or on a spindle inside a shuttle box.

Beams: A cylindrical body with end flanges on which a multiple of warp ends is wound in such way to permit the removal of these yarns as a warp sheet.

Front rest: It is a fixed roller placed in front of the loom above the cloth beam & act as a guide for the cloth to wind on to the cloth beam.

Lease rods: The division of warp yarn into one & one, two & two, & so on is termed as lease. The two rods passed between the two successive divisions of warp yarns are called lease rods.

Slay: It is the portion of loom that carries the reed and oscillates between the harness & the fell of the cloth.

Reed: A comb like wire or device used to separate yarns on a loom & to beat up the filling during weaving.

Treadle: The treadle is a paddle or lever under a loom with which a thread is connected by means of cords.

Temple: Roller device on a loom that hold the cloth at a proper width to prevent it from being drawn in too much by the filling.

Types of modern loom:

1.    Inertia

2.    Fluid

I)             Water Jet Loom

II)            Air Jet Loom

3.    Solid

I)             Projectile Loom

II)            Rapier Loom

A)   Single Rapier Loom

B)   Double Rapier Loom